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 หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Effects of Soil Moisture Depletion at Different Growth Stages on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Bread Wheat Grown in Semi Arid Conditions in Ethiopia) ผู้เขียน: Mahamed Badel Mahamed,  ดร.เอ็จ สโรบล, ศาสตราจารย์ , Tilahun Hordofa, ดร.สุดสายสิน แก้วเรือง, รองศาสตราจารย์ , ดร.จินดารัฐ วีระวุฒิ, รองศาสตราจารย์ สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractA field experiment was conducted at the Malkassa Agricultural Research Center (MARC) in Ethiopia, during the off season of 2009 from January to April. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of soil moisture depletion at different growth stages on yield and water use efficiency of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety “Hawi” grown under semi arid conditions. Three soil moisture depletion (SMD) levels and 4 growth stages of SMD were used as the main- and sub-plots, respectively, and were arranged as split plots in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Irrigation was applied when the soil moisture was depleted by 50% (D1; control), 60% (D2) and 75% (D3) of available soil water (ASW) at 4 growth stages: 1) vegetative (V), 2) heading (H), 3) flowering (F) and 4) grain filling (G). All the plots were irrigated to field capacity after planting. Soil samples were taken before and after each irrigation event for the first 3 wk after planting. Thereafter, irrigation frequency was established according to treatments. All the treatments were irrigated when 50% of ASW was depleted for the whole growing season, except for the growth stages where SMD treatments were imposed. The SMD levels significantly affected dry matter, grain yield (GY), water use efficiency (WUE) and thousand seed weight (TSW) of the “Hawi” bread wheat. The 50% SMD gave the highest GY, TSW, spike length, plant height and WUE at each growth stage. Increasing the SMD level significantly reduced the yield and yield components of the “Hawi” bread wheat. Grain yield reduction was 26.6 and 30.8% for D2 and D3, respectively, compared with D1. |
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หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Growth Stage Identification in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)) ผู้เขียน:ดร.อภิพรรณ พุกภักดี, ศาสตราจารย์ , Vilaiwan Promkham, Chutanart Chuangpetchinda, Sawai Pongkao, Chalermpol Lairungrueng สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractGrowth stage descriptions were developed for Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) based on measurements and visual observations of Mungbean plants grown in four successive experiments conducted from May 1986 to November 1978 at Chainat Field Crop Research Center, Department of Agriculture and Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University. It is proposed that the growth stages of Mungbean be defined in terms of vegetative (V) and reproductive (R) stages. The V stages are numbered V(o) – V(n), and are determined by counting the number of developed nodes on the main stem, beginning with the cotyledonary node as zero. The last node counted must have its trifoliate leaf sufficiently expanded so that leaflets are unfolded and flat in appearance. The R-stages proposed are R1 (first open flower), R2 (first pod), R3 (start of seed growth), R4 (full seed), R5(first mature pod), R6(1st harvest) and R7 (2nd harvest). The V and R stages can be measured separately and concurrently and apply to a population, or to single plants. When Mungbean cultivars, Kamphaeng Saen 1 (KPS-1), Kamphaeng Saen 2 (KPS-2), Uthong 1 and Chainat 60 were grown in a randomized complete block design at Chainat Field Crop Research Center (Chainat FCRC) in May and August 1986. Also at Kasetsart University (KU) cultivars KPS-1, KPS-2, and U-thong 1 were grown in May and August 1987. It was found that, cultivars, KPS-1, KPS-2 and U-thong 1 grown at KU matured in 86 and 78 days at May and August planting. At Chainat, cultivars KPS-1, KPS-2 and U-thong 1 matured in 58 days regardless of planting dates, while Chainat 60 matured in 51 and 52 days for May and August planting respectively. At all locations tested, all mungbean cultivars at least completed their vegetative growth up to V6 before shifting to R1. In many cases, the plants extended their vegetative growth up to V, before flowering depending on genotypes, planting dates and locations. To complete its life cycle, the mungbean plants consequently exhibited R1 up to R2 growth stages. The propose growth stage description of mungbean should be potentially useful and facilitate a common understanding among researchers and extension personnels and should provide a more precise basis for scheduling cultural practices for mungbean. |
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